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pierde más población de la que recibe: saldo migratorio de -0.8 por mil habitantes en cinco años (significativo): llegaron unas 22 649 personas de otros departamentos y salieron unas 23 822.","Los principales orígenes de quienes llegan son Arequipa (~7 299 al año), Lima (~3 968 al año); quienes se van eligen sobre todo Arequipa, Tacna, Moquegua.","3.1 % de sus residentes nació en otro departamento y 96.8 % nació aquí mismo.","Los migrantes recientes tienen 83.1 % de empleo informal frente a 88.7 % de los residentes de siempre (brecha no concluyente)  y un ingreso mediano de S/ 1 192 contra S/ 802.","Quienes salieron de Puno hacia otros departamentos trabajan con 60.3 % de informalidad y un ingreso mediano de S/ 1 525 en su destino.","La tasa de inmigración reciente pasó de 1.3 % en 2014 a 1.6 % en 2024."]}